Does DNS use TCP or UDP or both?
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol and it requires data to be consistent at the destination and UDP is connection-less protocol and doesn’t require data to be consistent or don’t need a connection to be established with host for consistency of data.
UDP packets are smaller in size. Can’t be greater then 512 bytes. So any application needs data to be transffered greater than 512 bytes uses TCP We often discuss why services use both the protocols i.e. TCP and UDP. These services can also realy on TCP instead of UDP because TCP is a connection-oriented protocol whereas UDP is connection-less! then why use UDP?
For example, DNS uses both TCP and UDP for valid reasons described below. Note that UDP messages are not larger than 512 Bytes and are truncated when greater than this size. So DNS uses TCP for Zone transfer and UDP for name queries either regular (primary) or reverse. UDP can be used to exchange small information whereas TCP must be used to exchange information larger than 512 bytes. If a client doesn’t get response from DNS it must retransmit the data using TCP after 3-5 seconds of interval.
Check: Troubleshoot VPN connection issue.
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